{"id":17908,"date":"2023-04-21T21:55:54","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T21:55:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wolles-elektronikkiste.de\/?p=17908"},"modified":"2023-11-30T22:08:47","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T22:08:47","slug":"using-chatgpt-and-bing-for-arduino","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wolles-elektronikkiste.de\/en\/using-chatgpt-and-bing-for-arduino","title":{"rendered":"Using ChatGPT and Bing for Arduino"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

About this post<\/h2>\n\n
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Arduino is a great platform for Makers to implement their own electronics projects. But sometimes programming the Arduino boards can be difficult – especially for beginners. This is where ChatGPT can help: As an intelligent chatbot, it can answer questions about Arduino programming, provide tips and advice, and respond to problems during project development. In this post, we will explore how ChatGPT and Arduino can work together to improve the Maker experience and reduce development time.<\/p>\nChatGPT<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n

The above paragraph was written by ChatGPT. I only specified that I would like to write a post about how ChatGPT can support Arduino users and asked for a brief introduction. Artificial intelligence is already very mature for such tasks.<\/p>\r\n

No matter what you think of AI, it will come and permanently change our lives, just as the Internet did. However, this post will not be an ethical-moral discussion, but we will simply explore the question: What can ChatGPT already do in relation to the Arduino world today – and what not?<\/p>\r\n

“The new” Bing (Microsoft’s chatbot) and ChatGPT are based on GPT. I have tried both, but put the emphasis on ChatGPT. Bard, the competitor from Google, was not yet available in Germany at the time of writing – exciting times are ahead.<\/p>\r\n

By the way, the post image (brain with MCU) was also generated by an artificial intelligence, namely Dall\u22c5E 2<\/a>. Only the lettering “Microcontroller” was added manually. In contrast to ChatGPT, Dall-E 2 is only available for a fee (approx. 10 euro cents per image or attempt).<\/p>\r\n\n

What is ChatGPT? <\/h2>\n\n

Let us ask ChatGPT: What is ChatGPT, and how does it work?<\/em><\/p>\r\n\n

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ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence chatbot based on OpenAI’s GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) architecture. ChatGPT is trained to hold human-like conversations in English and other languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT’s functionality is based on machine learning and, in particular, Deep Learning methods. It has been pre-trained on large text corpora using transformer networks to learn language understanding and the ability to generate human-like responses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When you talk to ChatGPT, it analyzes your input and uses its understanding of language and context to generate a response. These responses are based on the patterns and correlations discovered in the model’s training dataset.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Because ChatGPT has been trained on large amounts of data, it can handle a variety of topics and even provide specific information if it has sufficient knowledge in that area.<\/p>\nChatGPT about ChatGPT<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n

How can I try ChatGPT?<\/h4>\n\n

If you want to use ChatGPT, then sign up here<\/a>. You will need to provide your email address and (for whatever reason) a phone number. Then think of a password, confirm the email address, and you’re ready to go. <\/p>\r\n

According to OpenAI, there may be waiting times when using the free version. However, I have not had this experience.<\/p>\r\n

Note: ChatGPT has recently been banned for violations of data and youth protection laws in Italy. So, should you be worried? Everyone has to answer that for themselves. ChatGPT itself points out that you should not enter any sensitive data. My advice is to consider all questions to see if they could draw conclusions about you that you don’t want drawn.
<\/em><\/p>\r\n\n

How is Bing different?<\/h4>\n\n

Currently, ChatGPT works with GPT version 3.5. Bing, on the other hand, uses a customized version of GPT-4. I mainly tested ChatGPT, but asked some of the questions to Bing as well for comparison. Bing’s answers tended to be somewhat shorter, but they contained links to more detailed information more often. Otherwise, the results were similar in both positive and negative aspects. <\/p>\r\n

Bing is conveniently accessible via the Edge browser. Just click on the round, blue Bing logo on the far right of the toolbar. Alternatively, there is a Bing app<\/a> on Google Play.<\/p>\r\n\n

A first sketch created by ChatGPT<\/h2>\n\n

Enough of the introductory words. Now let’s see what ChatGPT has to offer in terms of Arduino programming:<\/p>\r\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
ChatGPT writes a blink sketch<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n

ChatGPT provides nicely formatted code with comments and additional explanations. With the button “Copy Code” you can easily copy the sketch. A promising start, even if the creation of a Blink sketch doesn’t really require an AI, of course. <\/p>\r\n\n

The next level: Blink without millis()<\/h2>\n\n

To increase the difficulty a bit, I asked ChatGPT if it could provide me with a version of the sketch without delay()<\/code>. Here is the result:<\/p>\r\n\n

const int ledPin = 13;  \/\/ defines the LED pin number\r\n\r\nunsigned long previousMillis = 0;  \/\/ Variable for storing the last milliseconds\r\nconst long interval = 1000;        \/\/ Blink-Interval in milliseconds\r\n\r\nvoid setup() {\r\n  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);  \/\/ Set LED pin as output\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid loop() {\r\n  unsigned long currentMillis = millis();  \/\/ Stores the current milliseconds\r\n  \r\n  if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= interval) {  \/\/ Checks if the blink interval has elapsed\r\n    previousMillis = currentMillis;  \/\/ Store the new milliseconds\r\n    \r\n    digitalWrite(ledPin, !digitalRead(ledPin));  \/\/ Toggles the LED (on\/off)\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\r\n\n
Additional comments from ChatGPT:<\/p>\r\n
In this program, the millis()<\/code> function is used to measure the blink interval. The variable previousMillis<\/code> stores the time of the last blink, and the variable interval<\/code> specifies the desired blink interval. In the loop<\/code>-part, it is checked if the blink interval has elapsed by comparing the difference between the current and the previous milliseconds with the interval<\/code>. When the flashing interval has been reached, the state of the LED is reversed. This will turn the LED on and off.<\/em><\/p>\r\n\n
Cool! Apart from the fact that ChatGPT has halved the frequency, everything is correct. At this point, I felt a emerging euphoria.<\/p>\r\n\n
Top level: Timer and PWM<\/h2>\n\n
Now we go one step further and check the capabilities of ChatGPT in relation to the Arduino timers and PWM. If you are interested in this not-so-simple topic, you can take a look at my posts about the Timer0\/Timer2<\/a> and the Timer1<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\n
Now my question about this: Could you please write me an Arduino program that generates a PWM signal with a frequency of 1 kilohertz and a duty cycle of 20 percent?<\/em><\/p>\r\n
Answer: Yes, here is an example program that generates a PWM signal at pin 9 with a frequency of 1 kHz and a duty cycle of 20%<\/em>:<\/p>\r\n\n
void setup() {\r\n  pinMode(9, OUTPUT);          \/\/ Sets pin 9 as output\r\n  TCCR1A = _BV(COM1A1) | _BV(WGM11); \/\/ Sets PWM mode\r\n  TCCR1B = _BV(WGM13) | _BV(WGM12) | _BV(CS10); \/\/ Sets fast PWM mode and no prescaler\r\n  OCR1A = 156;                 \/\/ Sets duty cycle to 20% (156 of 255)\r\n}\r\n\r\nvoid loop() {\r\n  \/\/ No code necessary\r\n}\r\n<\/pre>\r\n\n
Further comments from ChatGPT:<\/p>\r\n
In this program, the pinMode function is used to set the digital pin 9 as output. Registers TCCR1A and TCCR1B are configured to set Timer1 to Fast PWM mode and invert the output to generate the PWM signal with a duty cycle of 20%. The OCR1A registers are set to 156, which corresponds to a duty cycle of 20% (156 out of 255). Since the PWM signal generation is done in the setup, no code is needed in the loop part.<\/em><\/p>\r\n
This sketch does not work!<\/strong> Some aspects are correct:<\/p>\r\n